Optimal Energy Management for Energy Harvesting Transmitter and Receiver with Helper

We study energy harvesting (EH) transmitter and receiver, where the receiver decodes data using the harvested energy from the nature and from an independent EH node, named helper. Helper cooperates with the receiver by transferring its harvested energy to the receiver over an orthogonal fading channel. We study an offline optimal power management policy to maximize the reliable information rate. The harvested energy in all three nodes are assumed to be known. We consider four different scenarios; First, for the case that both transmitter and the receiver have batteries, we show that the optimal policy is transferring the helper harvested energy to the receiver, immediately. Next, for the case of non-battery receiver and full power transmitter, we model a virtual EH receiver with minimum energy constraint to achieve an optimal policy. Then, we consider a non-battery EH receiver and EH transmitter with battery. Finally, we derive optimal power management wherein neither the transmitter nor the receiver have batteries. We propose three iterative algorithms to compute optimal energy management policies. Numerical results are presented to corroborate the advantage of employing the helper.Comment: It is a conference paper with 5 pages and one figure, submitted to ISITA201

A Comparative Study of Apical Microleakage Using the Conventional Lateral Condensation and Mechanical Lateral Condensation Techniques

INTRODUCTION: This study compared apical dye penetration using lateral condensation technique (LC) and LC technique with a reciprocal handpiece (mechanical lateral condensation or MLC) as a new method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight human extracted straight canine teeth were used. After crown amputation, the teeth were randomly divided into four experimental groups of 10 teeth each and two negative and positive control groups of 4 teeth each. The groups were as follows: IA, 10 obturations completed by operator A using the LC technique; Group IB, 10 obturations completed by operator B using the LC technique; Group IIA, 10 obturations completed by operator A using the MLC technique; and Group IIB, 10 obturations completed by operator B using the MLC technique. All roots were placed in 2% methylene blue dye and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 3 minutes. Following centrifugation, the roots were cut along their long axis and evaluated under a stereomicroscope to measure the depth of dye penetration. RESULTS: A t-test showed that the teeth which were filled by the MLC technique had less dye penetration in comparison with LC technique (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: This in vitro study illustrates that canals obturated with the MLC technique had superior apical seal than canals filled with the LC technique

A Report on Results of a Qualitative Study on the Factors affecting the Implementation of Clinical Back Pain Guide

Introduction: Today, the use of clinical guidelines is increasing. Unfortunately, their use in therapeutic clinics is facing barriers.   The purpose of this study is to investigate the barriers to the use of clinical guidelines to try to resolve them. Methods and Materials: Qualitative study method was used to study the barriers of using clinical guidelines. 15 physiotherapists from the private and public centers of Tehran participated in the study. In one interview, all of their comments were recorded in relation to the clinical management of back pain. Results: After interviewing each other, their views were summarized and eventually classified into five groups. Conclusions: Despite the positive attitude of interviewed people towards using clinical guidelines, the results showed that there are significant barriers in this regard. Some of the most important barriers are: Content validity of the guide , Individual attitudes , Authorities influencing the implementation process , Financial factors and Publishing and implementation strategyKeyword : Low Back Pain Guideline, Guideline Implementation, Impliments Barrier

Planck scale effects on the stochastic gravitational wave background generated from cosmological hadronization transition: A qualitative study

We reconsider the stochastic gravitational wave background spectrum produced during the first order hadronization process, in presence of ultraviolet cutoffs suggested by the generalized uncertainty principle as a promising signature towards the Planck scale physics. Unlike common perception that the dynamics of QCD phase transition and its phenomenological consequences are highly influenced by the critical temperature, we find that the underlying Planck scale modifications can affect the stochastic gravitational spectrum arising from the QCD transition without a noteworthy change in the relevant critical temperature. Our investigation shows that incorporating the natural cutoffs into MIT bag equation of state and background evolution leads to a growth in the stochastic gravitational power spectrum, while the relevant redshift of the QCD era, remains unaltered. These results have double implications from the point of view of phenomenology. Firstly, it is expected to enhance the chance of detecting the stochastic gravitational signal created by such a transition in future observations. Secondly, it gives a hint on the decoding from the dynamics of QCD phase transition.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Physics Letter

The Calculation of Motion Angles of Human Body by Inertial Sensors and Their Application in Clinical Tests

Introduction: Low back pain, knee disorders and rheumatoid arthritis are the most common musculoskeletal diseases in Iran and throughout the world. The studies conducted in the developed countries have shown that this disease has considerable effect on the functional abilities and quality of life of patients. There are a few studies about this issue in Iran. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of knee and low back pain on the functional disability and quality of life of patients resident in Tehran. Materials and Methods: 220 musculoskeletal disorders (knee and low back pain and rheumatoid arthritis) from one hospital in Tehran, Iran participated in the study. Persian versions of Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale 2-short form (AIMS2-SF) and Short form health survey (SF-12) were used to measure the functional disability and quality of life. AIMS2-SF questionnaire that has been designed exclusively for rheumatoid arthritis patients measures the functional disability of patients in five dimensions: physical (upper and lower limbs), symptoms, feelings and social condition. Results: mean age and education of patients in this study was 53(low back pain), 45 (knee pain), and 58 (RA) years old, respectively. 59% of subjects were women. Mean of physical dimensions, upper limbs, lower limbs, symptoms, feelings, and social conditions were 1.46, 1.32, 2.12, 3.65, 3.40, and 3.78 (of 10), respectively. The mean of eight dimensions of quality of life based on the SF-12 questionnaire was 43 to 64 (of 100). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the quality of life and functional abilities of musculoskeletal disorders are influenced significantly by diseases. Based on this, the increasing of physical activity and the intensive physiotherapy programs result in improvement of quality of life in these diseases

Relationship between Weight, Body Mass Index, and Bone Mineral Density in Men Referred for Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Scan in Isfahan, Iran

Objective. Although several studies have investigated the association between body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral density (BMD), the results are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to further investigate the relation between BMI, weight and BMD in an Iranian men population. Methods. A total of 230 men 50-79 years old were examined. All men underwent a standard BMD scans of hip (total hip, femoral neck, trochanter, and femoral shaft) and lumbar vertebrae (L2-L4) using a Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan and examination of body size. Participants were categorised in two BMI group: normal weight <25.0 kg/m2 and overweight and obese, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Results. Compared to men with BMI ≥ 25, the age-adjusted odds ratio of osteopenia was 2.2 (95% CI 0.85, 5.93) and for osteoporosis was 4.4 (1.51, 12.87) for men with BMI < 25. It was noted that BMI and weight was associated with a high BMD, compatible with a diagnosis of osteoporosis. Conclusions. These data indicate that both BMI and weight are associated with BMD of hip and vertebrae and overweight and obesity decreased the risk for osteoporosis. The results of this study highlight the need for osteoporosis prevention strategies in elderly men as well as postmenopausal women

The Effect of Home based Exercise on Treatment of Women with Poly Cystic Ovary Syndrome; a single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: The most common reproductive endocrine disorder of reproductive age women is a Poly cystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Metabolic syndrome has been more reported in patients with PCOS in comparison to general population. Few investigations have been performed to evaluate the independent effect of exercise on biochemical and clinical symptoms of patients with PCOS. The aim of the study was to find the effect of home base aerobic-strengthening exercises on anthropometric and hormonal variables of patients with PCOS.MaterialsandMethods:In this randomized controlled trial twenty women in the exercise group performed aerobic, strengthening exercises; the other 20 participants in the control group were advised to continue their previous physical activity pattern. Blood pressure, Waist to Hip ratio (WHR), BMI along with hormonal variables(including insulin related factors, sexual hormones and inflammatory factors) were assessed at baselineand after the 12 week intervention).Results:16patients in the exercise group and 14 patients in control group finished the study. TheWHR (p&lt;0.001) along with the blood level of insulin (p=0.016), FBS (p=0.044), Prolactine (p=0.022) and hsCRP (p=0.035) and HOMA index (p=0.009) were decreased significantly in the exercise group compared with the control group. No significant differences were found in lipid profile and sexual hormones between groups at the end of the study.Conclusion:We can conclude that 12 weeks combined aerobic-strengthening exercise program in women with poly cystic ovary syndrome can lead to a reduction of waist to hip ratio (WHR) and some cardiovascular risk factors (including insulin, FBS, HOMA index and HsCRP) along with an increase of prolactine level in these patients

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters of Walnut Oil Using Rancimat Test

ABSTRACT In this paper, walnut oil at four different temperatures (353, 363, 373 And 383 ̊ K) were oxidized under the rancimat test conditions, it was observed that the rate of oxidation increases with increasing temperature. The natural logarithm of the reaction rate constan

Exploring changes in thalamus metabolites as diagnostic biomarkers in idiopathic generalised epilepsy patients using magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Introduction: Idiopathic generalised epilepsy (IGE) refers to a group of epilepsies resulting from the activation of neurons in the whole brain. This study aimed to evaluate the metabolite changes in thalamus as diagnostic biomarkers in IGE patients compared to healthy individuals using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) technique. Methods: The MRS was performed on 35 IGE patients (26 women and 11 men) with average age of 32 (ranged from 18 to 43) and 35 healthy individuals (13 women and 22 men) with average age of 31 (ranged from 21 to 50) as the control group. The levels of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr) and choline (Cho) were measured using MRS. The NAA/Cr and NAA/Cho ratios were calculated for all participants. These values were statistically compared using t-test between the groups. Results: The NAA had significant lower values in IGE patients, 9.6 (SD = 0.8) and 9.9 (SD = 0.7) for right and left thalamus, respectively, compared to 10.9 (SD = 0.9) and 10.7 (SD = 0.9) in control group. The Cr values in the left side of thalamus were significantly higher in IGE patients (6.7 [SD = 0.8] versus 5.8 [SD = 0.5]); however, there was no difference in right thalamus. Measurements showed no difference for amounts of Cho between the groups in both sides of thalamus. The NAA/Cr ratio was 1.48 (SD = 0.14) and 1.48 (SD = 0.16) for right and left thalamus, respectively, in IGE patients in comparison with 1.83 (SD = 0.2) and 1.86 (SD = 0.26) in controls. There was no meaningful variation between the NAA/Cho ratio of the right and left thalamus among the groups. Conclusion: Thalamic NAA, Cr and NAA/Cr ratio values in IGE patients showed statistical differences compared to healthy individuals. Evaluating metabolites variations in thalamus using MRS is suggested for differentiating IGE patients from healthy individuals. keywords: Epilepsy, MRI, MRS, Spectroscop